فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران و برخی عوامل مرتبط با آن

Background and Aim: Nurses are exposed to different types of stresses during their work. As a stressor, "burnout" is the decrease of personal adjustment with chronic stress leading to physical and emotional discomfort, negative attitude towards the profession while on duty. According to Maslach's theory organizational factors, interpersonal relationships, and intra- personal factors are the major causes of burnout. This condition brings about a lot of complications in one's family, personal and social life, and organization. This survey was designed to evaluate burnout rate among nursing staff in teaching hospitals in Birjand. Materials and methods: This descriptive- cross sectional study was performed on all nursing staff of teaching hospitals in Birjand, who were selected through census sampling .Data gathering means were a multisegmental questionnaire including demographic characteristics, and Maslach burnout inventory (MBI); to evaluate emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment. In order to analyze the data, statistical tests including χ2, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and independent t-test at the significant level P≤0.05 were used. Results: More than third (35.5%) of the individuals, reported weak emotional exhaustion, 54.2% intense depersonalization, and 37.5% intense lack of personal accomplishment. The nurses' professional burnout rate between male and female in the domain of emotional exhaustion (P=0.02) and in depersonalization (P=0.034) were significant. Lack of personal accomplishment mean score was also varied between married and unmarried subjects (P=0.028). There was also a significant difference in the frequency of depersonalization in different working shifts (P=0.029). Conclusion: Job burnout is a common phenomenon among nurses. It is related to a number of factors such as working condition, work experience, high workload, stresses, job satisfaction, gender and hardships of working condition. Therefore it is suggested that these factors be surveyed more precisely and find ways to reduce job burnout.